First record of the noncalcareous macroalga Perissothallus from shallow-water deposits (Pennsylvanian) in the Kladno-Rakovník Basin, Czech Republic

 

Authors: Pšenička J, Krings M

Published in: Bulletin of Geosciences, volume 91, issue 1; pages: 57 - 64; Received 28 July 2015; Accepted in revised form 8 November 2015; Online 15 December 2015

Keywords: Carboniferous, Kounov Member, palaeoecology, Perissothallus densus, Schizopteris, thallus,

full text (PDF, 4.49 MB)

Export to RIS

 

Abstract

The fossil genus Perissothallus is used for adpression fossils of late Palaeozoic noncalcareous freshwater algae consisting of erect, cylindrical branches that radiate from a central holdfast and dichotomize repeatedly. The taxon currently includes P. versiformis from the Upper Pennsylvanian of North America and P. densus from the Lower Permian of Germany. In this paper we describe a third species, Perissothallus dekovensis nov. sp., from the Gzhelian (Stephanian B; Upper Pennsylvanian) of the Kladno-Rakovník Basin, Czech Republic. The new species differs from the previously described forms with regard to thallus size and branching pattern of the erect parts. Sedimentological data and the fossils that co-occur with the algal thalli suggest that P. dekovensis lived in shallow-water areas of a lake or abandoned channel that was surrounded by tree ferns, cordaites (especially Poacordaites-type), and lycopsids.

References

ANDERSEN, R.A. 1992. Diversity of eukaryotic algae. Biodiversity and Conservation 1, 267-292.View article

BARTHEL, M. 1982. Die Pflanzenwelt, 36-131. In HAUBOLD, H. (ed.) Die Lebewelt des Rotliegenden. A. Zimsen, Lutherstadt Wittenberg.

BARTHEL, M., BETTAG, E. & NOLL, R. 1998. Dicranophyllum hallei Remy & Remy im oberen Rotliegenden. Veröffentlichungen des Museums für Naturkunde Chemnitz 21, 5-20.

BEK, J., DRÁBKOVÁ, J., DAŠKOVÁ, J. & LIBERTÍN, M. 2008. The sub-arborescent lycopsid genus Polysporia Newberry and its spores from the Pennsylvanian (Bolsovian-Stephanian B) continental basins of the Czech Republic. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 152, 176-199.View article

BRONGNIART, A.T. 1828-1837. Histoire des végétaux fossiles ou recherches botaniques et géologiques sur les végétaux renfermées dans les divers couches du globe. Dufour et d’Ocagne, Paris & Amsterdam.

BRUSH, G.S. & BARGHOORN, E.S. 1962. Identification and structure of cordaitean pollen. Journal of Paleontology 36(6), 1357-1360.

BUTTERFIELD, N.J. 2000. Bangiomorpha pubescens n. gen. n. sp.: implications for the evolution of sex, multicellularity, and the Mesoproterozoic/Neoproterozoic radiation of eukaryotes. Paleobiology 26(3), 386-404.View article

CHAPMAN, R.L. & WATERS, D.A. 1992. Epi- and endobiotic chlorophytes, 619-639. In REISSER, W. (ed.) Algae and Symbioses: Plants, Animals, Fungi, Viruses, Interactions explored. Biopress Ltd., Bristol, UK.

FLÜGEL, E. 1977. Fossil Algae. xiii + 375 pp. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg.

FRITSCH, F.E. 1961. The Structure and Reproduction of the Algae. Volume I. 791 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

GARCIA, A. & PLAYFORD, G. 2007. The fossil record of the algae, 104-128. In MCCARTHY, P.M. & ORCHARD, A.E. (eds) Algae of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne.

GOFF, L.J. 1983. Algal Symbiosis. A Continuum of Interaction Strategies. 226 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.

GRAHAM, L.E., GRAHAM, J.M. & WILCOX, L.W. 2009. Algae. 2nd Edition. 616 pp. Benjamin Cummings (Pearson), San Francisco.

HAVLENA, V. 1961. Svrchnopaleozoické kontinentální uloženiny a jejich fytostratigrafie v měřítku geologických stupňů a podstupňů. Časopis pro mineralogii a geologii 6, 82-91. [in Czech with English summary]

JONGMANS, W.J. 1911. Anleitung zur Bestimmung der Karbonpflanzen West-Europas mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der in den Niederlanden und den benachbarten Ländern gefundenen oder noch zu erwartenden Arten. I Band. Thallophytae, Equisetales, Sphenophyllales. Mededeelingen van de Rijksopsporing van Delfstoffen 3, 1-482.View article

KALIBOVÁ, M. 1959. Rod Valvisisporites (Ibrahim 1933) Pot. et Kr. 1954 (Triletes auritus Zerndt, typ II Zerndt) a jeho druhy v čekém permokarbonu. Věstník Ústředního ústavu geologického 34, 429-436. [in Czech with English summary]

KALIBOVÁ, M. 1960. Sporenerforschung im Kounov-Flöz des Schachts František in Lhota pod Džbánem im Kladno-Rakovník-Becken. Sborník Ústředního ústavu geologického 27, 81-97.

KEITH, S.A., KERSWELL, A.P. & CONNOLLY, S.R. 2014. Global diversity of marine macroalgae: environmental conditions explain less variation in the tropics. Global Ecology and Biogeography 23, 517-529.View article

KERP, H. & FICHTER, J. 1985. Die Makrofloren des saarpfälzischen Rotliegenden (?Ober-Karbon - Unter-Perm; SW-Deutschland). Mainzer geowissenschaftliche Mitteilungen 14, 159-286.

KRINGS, M. 2003. A pteridosperm stem with clusters of shoot-borne roots from the Namurian B (Upper Carboniferous) of Hagen-Vorhalle (Germany). Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 123, 289-301.View article

KRINGS, M. & BUTZMANN, R. 2005. Haeringiella multifidiformis gen. et sp. nov., an uncalcified alga from the lower Oligocene (Tertiary) of Bad Häring, Austria. Botanische Jahrbücher für Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 126, 177-186.View article

KRINGS, M., KLAVINS, S.D., BARTHEL, M., LAUSBERG, S., SERBET, R., TAYLOR, T.N. & TAYLOR, E.L. 2007. Perissothallus, a new genus for Late Pennsylvanian-Early Permian noncalcareous algae conventionally assigned to Schizopteris (aphleboid foliage). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 153, 477-488.View article

KRINGS, M. & MAYR, H. 2004. Bassonia hakelensis (Basson) nov. comb., a rare non-calcareous marine alga from the Cenomanian (Upper Cretaceous) of Lebanon. Zitteliana A 44, 105-111.

KRS, M. & PRUNER, P. 1995. Palaeomagnetism and palaeogeography of the Variscan formations of the Bohemian Massif, comparison with other European regions. Journal of the Czech Geological Society 40(1-2), 3-46.

LOJKA, R., SÝKOROVÁ, I., LAURIN, J., MATYSOVÁ, P. & MATYS GRYGAR, T. 2010. Lacustrine couplet-lamination: evidence for Late Pennsylvanian seasonality in central equatorial Pangaea (Stephanian B, Mšec Member, Central and Western Bohemian basins). Bulletin of Geosciences 85, 709-734.View article

NĚMEJC, F. 1938. The Sphenopterides of the coalbasins in Central Bohemia (II part). Palaeontographica Bohemiae 16, 1-32.

NĚMEJC, F. & ŠETLÍK, J. 1950. Pokračování v paleobotanických a stratigrafických výzkumech v oblasti plzeňské. Věstník Ústředního ústavu geologického, Zprávy o výzkumu v roce 1949, 167-168. [in Czech with English summary]

NORTON, T.A., MELKONIAN, M. & ANDERSEN, R.A. 1996. Algal biodiversity. Phycologia 35, 308-326.View article

OBRHEL, J. 1960. Zwei Funde aus oberen Stefanien des Kladnoer Steinkohlenbeckens [?Dolerotheca fertilis (Renault) und Callipteridium trigonum Franke]. Sborník Ústředního ústavu geologického 25, 85-97.

OPLUŠTIL, S. & CLEAL, C.J. 2007. A comparative analysis of some Late Carboniferous basins of Variscan Europe. Geological Magazine 144, 417-448.View article

OPLUŠTIL, S. & PEŠEK, J. 1998. Stratigraphy, palaeoclimatology and palaeogeography of the Late Palaeozoic continental deposits in the Czech Republic, 597-620. In CRASQUIN-SOLEAU, S., IZART, A., VASLET, D. & DE WEVER, P. (eds) Peri-Tethys: Stratigraphic Correlations 2. Geodiversitas 20.

PEŠEK, J. 1994. Carboniferous of Central and Western Bohemia (Czech Republic). 60 pp. Czech Geological Survey, Prague.

PEŠEK, J. 2004. Late Paleozoic limnic basins and coal deposits of the Czech Republic. Folia Musei rerum naturalium Bohemiae occidentalis, Geologica 1, 1-188.

RIDING, R. 1991. Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites. x + 571 pp. Springer Verlag, Berlin/Heidelberg. View article

ROUND, F.E. 1981. The Ecology of Algae. 653 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge MA.

ŠIMŮNEK, Z., OPLUŠTIL, S. & DRÁBKOVÁ, J. 2009. Cordaites borassifolius (Sternberg) Unger (Cordaitales) from the Radnice Basin (Bolsovian, Czech Republic). Bulletin of Geosciences 84, 301-336.View article

STERNBERG, K.M. GRAF VON (PRESL, C.B. & CORDA, A.J. co-authors) 1838. Versuch einer geognostisch-botanischen Darstellung der Flora der Vorwelt, vol. II, 7/8, 81-220. Gotlieb Hässe & Söhne, Prague.

TAPPAN, H. 1980. The Paleobiology of Plant Protists. xxi + 1028 pp. W.H. Freeman and Company, San Francisco CA.

TAYLOR, T.N., TAYLOR, E.L. & KRINGS, M. 2009. Paleobotany. The Biology and Evolution of Fossil Plants. 2nd Edition. xxi + 1230 pp. Elsevier/Academic Press Inc., Burlington MA, London, San Diego CA, New York NY.