Middle Jurassic (Callovian) cyclostome bryozoans from the Tethyan tropics (Matmor Formation, southern Israel)

 

Authors: Wilson MA, Bosch S, Taylor PD

Published in: Bulletin of Geosciences, volume 90, issue 1; pages: 51 - 63; Received 4 April 2014; Accepted in revised form 22 September 2014; Online 3 December 2014

Keywords: Bryozoa, Cyclostomata, Callovian, Jurassic, Israel,

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Abstract

A tropical Jurassic bryozoan fauna is described here for the first time. The Matmor Formation (Callovian, upper Peltoceras athleta Zone) contains six cyclostome bryozoan species in five genera. Four of these species are new: Microeciella yoavi, Idmonea snehi, Hyporosopora nana, and Hyporosopora negevensis. The Matmor Formation was deposited on a shallow shelf near the palaeoequator on the southwestern margin of the Tethys Ocean, within the Ethiopian Province of the Tethyan Faunal Realm. The Matmor bryozoans share genera with contemporary, non-tropical faunas in Europe, having the most similarities with Callovian assemblages in Poland. The low species richness of the Matmor bryozoan fauna is not unusual for the Jurassic but they do appear to be less abundant than contemporaneous fully marine bryozoan faunas from higher palaeolatitudes. The unusually small zooids of the Matmor bryozoans may be a function of the temperature-size rule because this fauna developed in shallow, warm, tropical waters.

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