Silurian rugose corals from the Kurosegawa Terrane, Southwest Japan, and their paleobiogeographic implications

 

Authors: Kido E, Sugiyama T

Published in: Bulletin of Geosciences, volume 86, issue 1; pages: 49 - 61; Received 5 October 2010; Accepted in revised form 29 November 2010; Online 27 January 2011

Keywords: Gionyama Formation, Kurosegawa Terrane, "Proto-Japan", paleobiogeography, Silurian rugose corals,

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Abstract

The Silurian to Devonian Gionyama Formation is assigned to the Kurosegawa Terrane in Southwest Japan. Abundant rugose corals in the Middle Member (late Llandovery to early Ludlow) of this formation represent 18 species belonging to 13 genera. These species are: Tryplasma sp. aff. T. ozakii, Tryplasma sp. A, Tryplasma sp. B, Cystiphyllum sp., Holmophyllum sp., Holmophyllum? sp., Labechiellata regularis, Rhizophyllum sp. A, Rhizophyllum sp. B, Neobrachyelasma japonica, Pseudamplexus sp., Amsdenoides sp., Amplexoides sp. aff. A. chaoi, Strombodes sp., Nanshanophyllum hamadai, N. gokasense, Shensiphyllum sp., and Ptychophyllum sp. The rugose corals from the Gionyama Formation include cosmopolitan genera that commonly occur in China, Kazakhstan, Siberia, Gotland, eastern Australia, and North America. Endemic genera, such as Nanshanophyllum and Shensiphyllum, which only occur in South China and Qaidam, are also present. Their stratigraphic ranges are restricted to the late Llandovery. The occurrences of these endemic genera may indicate a strong paleobiogeographic relation between the South China Block and "Proto-Japan" during the Silurian.

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