Current IF 1.5
Latest issue (RSS 2.0)
Contact Editorial Office at
bulletin@geology.cz

Bulletin of Geosciences
Published by ©
Czech Geological Survey,
W. Bohemia Museum Pilsen
Individual sponsors
ISSN: 1802-8225 (online),
1214-1119 (print)

Lower and Middle Ordovician conodont diversity of the Yichang Region, Hubei Province, Central China
Published in: Bulletin of Geosciences, volume 85, issue 4; pages: 631 - 644; Received 10 February 2010; Accepted in revised form 20 July 2010; Online 2 December 2010
Keywords: diversity, Ordovician, conodonts, Yichang Region, Central China,
Supplementary material
Distribution of conodont species at Yichang Region, Hubei Province, Central China.
Abstract
A survey on the (palaeo-) diversity of the Lower and Middle Ordovician conodont faunas from the Yichang Region, Hubei Province, Central China is presented. Analysis of the number of species through time shows the species richness is cyclical developed in the succession – varying from low to high. One major conodont diversity peak is recorded in the mid to late Floian Stage (Oepikodus evae Zone, stage slice Fl 2, Lower Ordovician), where 33 species are recorded in the lower unit of the Dawan Formation. A smaller but second high diversity is found in the Darriwilian Stage (Lenodus variabilis Zone; stage slice Da 2, Middle Ordovician) with a maximum of 23 species. Secondary, smaller diversification maxima are present in the early Tremadocian, late Tremadocian, early Dapingian and late Darriwilian stages. Current information on acritarchs, brachiopods, and trilobites shows that the highest diversity maximum of conodonts corresponds to a similar high in brachiopod diversity, whereas acritarch and trilobite maximum diversity appear after the conodonts/brachiopods in the region.References
Adachi, N., Ezaki, Y., Liu, J. & Cao, J. 2009. Early Ordovician reef construction in Anhui Province, South China: A geobiological transition from microbial- to metazoan-dominant reefs. Sedimentary Geology 220, 1–11.
Albanesi, G.L. & Bergström, S.M. 2004. Conodonts: Lower to Middle Ordovician Record, 312–326. In Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
An, T.X. 1981. Recent progress in Cambrian and Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of China. Geological Society of America Special Papers 187, 209–226.
An, T.X. 1987. Early Paleozoic conodonts from South China. 238 pp. Peking University Publishing House, Beijing. [in Chinese with English abstract]
An, T.X., Du, G.Q. & Gao, Q.Q. 1985. Study on the Ordovician conodonts from Hubei. 64 pp. Geological Publishing House, Beijing. [in Chinese with English abstract]
An, T.X., Du, G.X., Gao, Q.Q., Chen, Q.B. & Li, W.T. 1981. Ordovician conodont biostratigraphy of the Huanghuachang area of Yichang, Hubei, 105–113. In Micropalaeontological Society of China (ed.) Selected Papers of the First Symposium. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese]
An, T.X., Zhang, F., Xiang, W.D., Zhang, Y.Q., Xu, W.H., Zhang, H.J., Jiang, D.B., Yang, C.S., Lin, L.D., Cui, Z.T. & Yang, X.C. 1983. The conodonts in North China and adjacent regions. 223 pp. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Bagnoli, G. & Stouge, S. 1997. Lower Ordovician (Billingenian–Kunda) conodont zonation and provinces based on sections from Horns Udde, North Öland, Sweden. Bolletino Societa Paleontogica Italiana 35, 109–163.
Barnes, C.R. 2004. Ordovician Oceans and Climate, 72–76. In Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Bergström, S.M. 1971. Conodont biostratigraphy of the Middle and Upper Ordovician of Europe and Eastern North America. Geological Society of America Memoir 127, 83–161.
Bergström, S.M., Chen, X., Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C. & Dronov, A. 2009. The new chronostratigraphic classification of the Ordovician System and its relations to major regional series and stages and to ?13C chemostratigraphy. Lethaia 42, 97–107.
Brocke, R. 1997. First results of Tremadoc to lower Arenig acritarchs from the Yangtze Platform, South China. In Fatka, O. & Servais, T. (eds) Acritarcha in Praha. Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica 40(3–4), 337–356.
Brocke, R. & Li, J. 1999. Preliminary results on upper ‘Arenigian’ to lower ‘Llanvirnian’ acritarchs from South China. Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica 43, 259–261.
Brocke, R., Li, J. & Wang, Y. 2000. Upper Arenigian to lower Llanvirnian acritarch assemblages from South China: a preliminary evaluation. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 113, 27–40.
Chen, X., Rong, J.Y., Wang, X.F., Wang, Z.H., Zhang, Y.D. & Zhan, R.B. 1995. Correlation of Ordovician Rocks of China. International Union of Geological Sciences Publication 31, 1–104.
Christiansen, J.L. & Stouge, S. 1999. Oceanic circulation as an element in palaeogeographical reconstructions: the Arenig (early Ordovician) as an example. Terra Nova 11, 73–78.
Cocks, L.R.M. & Torsvik, T.H. 2004. Major Terranes in the Ordovician, 61–67. In Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Cooper, R.A. 2004. Measures of Diversity, 52–57. In Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Cooper, R.A. & Sadler, P.M. 2004. The Ordovician System, 165–187. In Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G. (eds) A Geologic Time Scale 2004. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Dong, X.P. 1985. Conodont-based Cambrian-Ordovician boundary at Huanghuachang of Yichang, Hubei, 383–412. In Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Academia Sinica (ed.) Stratigraphy and Palaeontology of Systemic Boundaries in China, Cambrian–Ordovician Boundaries (2). Anhui Science and Technology Publishing House, Hefei.
Gradstein, F.M., Ogg, J.G. & Smith, A.G. 2004. A Geologic Time Scale 2004. 589 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Harper, D.A.T., Cocks, L.R.M., Popov, L.E., Sheehan, P.M., Bassett, M.G., Copper, P., Holmer, L.E., Jin, J.S. & Rong, J.Y. 2004. Brachiopods, 157–178. In Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Jaanusson, V. 1961. Discontinuity surfaces in limestones. Bulletin of the Geological Institute, of the University of Uppsala 40, 221–241.
Landing, E. 1993. Cambrian-Ordovician boundary in the Taconic Allochthon, Eastern New York, and its interregional correlation. Journal of Paleontology 67(1), 1–19.
Landing, E. & Westrop, S.R. 2006. Early Ordovician faunas, stratigraphy, and sea-level history of the middle Beekmantown Group, Northeastern New York. Journal of Paleontology 80(5), 958–980.
Landing, E.,Westrop, S.R. & Van Aller Hernick, L. 2003. Uppermost Cambrian Lower Ordovician Faunas and Laurentian Platform Sequence Stratigraphy, Eastern New York and Vermont. Journal of Paleontology 77(1), 78–98.
Lehnert, O., Stouge, S., Joachimski, M. & Buggisch, W. 2007a. ?18 record from conodont apatite across the Lower-Middle Ordovician boundary on the Yangtze Platform (Western Hubei, South China). Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 46 (Suppl.), 256–261.
Lehnert, O., Vecoli, M., Servais, T. & Nützel, A. 2007b. Did plankton evolution trigger the Ordovician diversification? Acta Paleontologica Sinica 46 (Suppl.), 262–268.
Li, J., Brocke, R. & Servais, T. 2002. The acritarchs of the South Chinese Azygograptus suecicus graptolite Biozone and their bearing on the definition of the Lower-Middle Ordovician boundary. Comptes Rendus Palevol 1(2), 75–81.
Li, J., Servais, T., Yan, K & Zhu, H.C. 2004a. A nearshore-offshore trend in acritarch distribution from the Early-Middle Ordovician of the Yangtze Platform, South China. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 130, 141–161.
Li, J., Servais, T.,Yan, K. & Su,W. 2007. Microphytoplankton diversity curves of the Chinese Ordovician. Bulletin de la Société Géologique de France 178(5), 399–409.
Li, Z.H.,Wang, Z.H.,Wang, X.F., Chen, X.H.,Wang, C.S. & Qi, Y.P. 2004b. Conodonts across the Lower-Middle Ordovician boundary in the Huanghuachang section of Yichang, Hubei. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 43(1), 14–31. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Li, J. & Yan, K. 2006. Radiation of Early-Middle Ordovician acritarchs in South China, 313–333. In Rong, J.Y., Fang, Z.J., Zhou, Z.H., Zhan, R.B.,Wang, X.D.&Yuan, X.L. (eds) Originations, Radiations, Biodiversity Changes – Evidences from the Chinese Fossil Record. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Lindström, M., Chen, J.Y. & Zhang, J.M. 1991. Section at Daping reveals Sino-Baltoscandian parallelism facies in the Ordovician. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 113, 189–205.
Löfgren, A. & Tolmacheva, T. 2008. Morphology, evolution and stratigraphic distribution in the Middle Ordovician conodont genus Microzarkodina. Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 99, 27–48.
Metcalfe, I. 1998. Palaeozoic and Mesozoic geological eolution of the SE Asian region: multidisciplinary constraints and implications for biogeography, 25–41. In Hall, R. & Holloway, J.D. (eds) Biogeography and geological eolution of SE Asia. Backhuys Publishers, Amsterdam.
Ni, S.Z. 1981. Discussion on some problems of Ordovician stratigraphy by means of conodonts in eastern part of Yangtze Gorges Region, 127–134. In Micropalaeontological Society ofChina (ed.) Selected Papers of the First Symposium. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese]
Ni, S.Z. & Li, Z.H. 1987. Conodonts, 386–447. InWang, X.F., Ni, S.Z., Zeng, Q.L., Xu, G.H., Zhou, T.M., Li, Z.H., Xiang, L.W., Lai, C.G. (eds) Biostratigraphy of the Yangtze Gorges area (2), Early Paleozoic. Geological Publishing House, Beijing. [in Chinese]
Nielsen, A.T. 2004. Ordovician sea level changes: a Baltoscandian perspective, 84–93. In Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Ogg, J.G., Ogg, G. & Gradstein, F.M. 2008. The concise geologic time scale. 150 pp. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Paris, F., Achab, A., Asselin, E., Chen Xiao-Hong, Grahn, Y., Nolvak, J., Obut, O., Samuelsson, J., Sennikov, N., Vecoli, M., Verniers, J., Wang Xiao-Feng &Winchester-Seeto, T. 2004. Chitinozoans, 294–311. InWebby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Ross, R.J. Jr., Hintze, L.F., Ethington, R.L., Miller, J.F., Taylor, M.E. & Repetski, J.E. 1997. The Ibexian, Lowermost Series in the North American Ordovician, 1–50. In Taylor, M.E. (ed.) Early Paleozoic biochronology of the Great Basin, Western United States, U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1579, 115 pp.
Schmitz, B., Harper, D.A.T., Peucker-Ehrenbrink, B., Stouge, S., Alwmark, C., Cronholm, A., Bergström, S.M., Tassinari, M. & Wang, X.F. 2008. Asteroid breakup linked to the Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. Nature Geoscience 1, 49–53.
Stouge, S.,Wang, X.F., Li, Z.H., Chen, X.H.&Wang, C.S. 2005. The base of the Middle Ordovician series using graphic correlation method. Electronic report, International Subcommission on Ordovician Stratigraphy (ICS-IUGS), http://www.ordovician.cn.
Stouge, S.,Wang, Z.H.,Wu, R.C. & Li, Z.H. 2009. Lower to Middle Ordovician conodont faunal diversity on the South China palaeoplate in comparison to the Baltica. Absolutely final meeting of IGCP 503: Ordovician palaeogeography and palaeoclimate, Copenhagen 2009 Abstracts, 18.
Sweet, W.C. 1988. The Conodonta: Morphology, taxonomy, paleoecology and evolutionary history of a long-extinct animal phylum. 212 pp. Oxford Monographs on Geology and Geophysics 10. Clarendon Press, New York, Oxford.
Trotter, J.A., Williams, I.S., Barnes, C.R., Lécuyer, C. & Nicoll, R.S. 2008. Did cooling oceans trigger Ordovician biodiversification? Evidence from conodont thermometry. Science 321, 550–554.
Turvey, S.T. 2005. Early Ordovician (Arenig) trilobite palaeoecology and palaeobiogeography of the South China plate. Palaeontology 48(3), 519–547.
Turvey, S.T. 2007. Asaphoid trilobites from the Arenig–Llanvirn of the South China plate. Palaeontology 50(2), 347–399.
Turvey, S.T. & Zhou, Z.Y. 2002. Arenig trilobite associations of Daping, Yichang, Hubei, South China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 41(1), 10–18.
Wang, X.F., Hoffnecht, A., Xiao, J.X., Li, Z.H., Chen, S.Q., Brocke, R. & Erdtmann, B.-D. 1993. Thermal maturity of the Sinian and Early Paleozoic in West Hubei, China, assessed by CAI, reflectance and geochemical studies. Stratigraphy and Palaeontology of China 2, 19–50.
Wang, X.F., Li, Z.H., Chen, X.H., & Wang, C.S. 2003. The Huanghuachang section, potential as Global stratotype for the base of the Middle Ordovician Series, 153–159. In Albanesi, G.L., Beresi, M.S. & Peralta, S.H. (eds) Ordovician from Andes. INSUGEO, Serie Correlación Geológica 17.
Wang, X.F., Stouge, S., Chen, X.H., Li, Z.H. & Wang, C.S. 2009. Dapingian Stage: standard name for the lowermost global stage of the Middle Ordovician Series. Lethaia 42(3), 377–380.
Wang, X.F., Stouge, S., Chen, X.H., Li, Z.H., Wang, C.S., Finney, S.C., Zeng, Q.L., Zhou, Z.Q., Chen, H.M. & Erdtmann, B.-D. 2009. The global stratotype section and point for the base of the Middle Ordovician Series and the Third Stage (Dapingian). Episodes 32, 96–113.
Wang, X.F., Stouge, S., Erdtmann, B.-E., Chen, X.H., Li, Z.H., Wang, C.S., Zeng, Q.L., Zhou, Z.Z. & Chen, H.M. 2005. A proposed GSSP for the base of the middle Ordovician Series: the Huanghuachang section, Yichang, China. Episodes 28, 105–117.
Wang, X.F., Stouge, S., Erdtmann, B.-E., Chen, X.H., Li, Z.H., Wang, C.S., Stan, C.F., Zeng, Q.L., Zhou, Z.Q. & Chen, H.M. 2007. The Global Stratotype Section and Point for the base of the Middle Ordovician Series and the Third Stage: The Huanghuachang GSSP, Yichang, China. 35 pp. http://www.ordovician.cn.
Wang, Z.H. & Bergström, S.M. 1995. Castleemainian (Late Yushanian) to Darriwilian (Zhejaingian) conodont faunas, 86–91. In Chen, X. & Bergström, S.M. (eds) The Base of the austrodentatus Zone as a level for global subdivision of the Ordovician System. Palaeoworld 5, 117 pp.
Wang, Z.H. & Bergström, S.M. 1998. Conodont-graptolite biostratigraphic relations across the base of the Darriwilian Stage (Middle Ordovician) in the Yangtze Platform and the JCY area in Zhejiang, China. Bolletino della Societa Paleontologica Italiana 37, 187–198.
Wang, Z.H. & Bergström, S.M. 1999. Conodonts across the base of the Darriwilian stage in South China. Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica 16(4), 325–350. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Wang, Z.H., Bergström, S.M. & Lane, H.R. 1996. Conodont provinces and biostratigraphy in Ordovician of China. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 35(1), 26–58.
Wang, Z.H. & Wu, R.C. 2007. Ordovician conodont diversification of Yichang, Hubei Province. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 46(4), 430–440. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Webby, B.D., Paris, F., Droser, M.L. & Percival, I.G. (eds) 2004. The Great Ordovician Biodiversification Event. 484 pp. Columbia University Press, New York.
Wu, R.C., Percival, I.G. & Zhan, R.B. 2010. Biodiversification of early to middle Ordovician conodonts: a case study from the Zitai Formation of Anhui Province, eastern China. Alcheringa 34, 75–86.
Zeng, Q.L., Lai, C.G., Xu, G.H., Ni, S.Z., Zhou, T.M., Xiang, L.W., Wang, X.F. & Zi, Z.H. 1987. Ordovician, 43–142. In Wang, X.F., Ni, S.Z., Zeng, Q.L., Xu, G.H., Zhou, T.M. & LI, Z.H. (eds) Biostratigraphy of the Yangtze Gorge area (2). Early Palaeozoic Era. 641 pp. Geological Publishing House, Beijing. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Zeng, Q.L., Ni, S.Z., Xu, G.H., Zhou, T.M.,Wang, X.F., Li, Z.H., Xiang, L.W. & Lai, C.G. 1983. Division and correlation of Ordovician System in East Yangtze Gorges Area. Bulletin of the Yichang Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources, CAGS 6, 1–56.
Zhan, R.B.&Harper, D.A.T. 2006. Biotic diachroneity during the Ordovician Radiation: evidence from South China. Lethaia 39, 211–226.
Zhan, R.B. & Jin, J.S. 2007. Ordovician–Early Silurian (Llandovery) Stratigraphy and Palaeontology of the Upper Yangtze Platform, South China. 169 pp. Science Press, Beijing.
Zhan, R.B., Jin, J.S. & Rong, J.Y. 2006. ?-diversity fluctuations in Early-Mid Ordovician brachiopod communities of South China. Geological Journal 41(3), 217–288.
Zhan, R.B. & Rong, J.Y., 2006. Early to Mid Ordovician brachiopod radiation of South China, 259–283. In Rong, J.Y., Fang, Z.J., Zhou, Z.H., Zhan, R.B., Wang, X.D. & Yuan, X.L. (eds) Originations, Radiations, Biodiversity Changes – Evidences from the Chinese Fossil Record. 962 pp. Science Press, Beijing. [in Chinese with English abstract]
Zhan, R.B., Rong, J.Y., Cheng, J.H. & Chen, P.F. 2005. Early-Mid Ordovician brachiopod diversification in South China. Science in China (Series D) 48, 662–675.
Zhang, J.H. 1996. Lithofacies and stratigraphy of the Ordovician Guniutan Formation in its type area, China. Geological Journal 31, 201–215.
Zhang, J.H. 1997. The Lower Ordovician conodont Eoplacognathus crassus Chen & Zhang, 1993. Geologiska Föreningens i Stockholm Förhandlingar 119, 61–65.
Zhang, J.H. 1999. Review of the Ordovician Conodont Zonal Index Eoplacognathus suecicus Bergström, 1971. Journal of Paleontology 73(3), 487–493.
Zhang, J.H. 1998. Conodonts from the Guniutan Formation (Llanvirnian) in Hubei and Hunan Provinces, south-central China. Stockholm Contributions in Geology 46, 1–161.
Zhen, Y.Y., Liu, J.B. & Percival, I.G. 2005. Revision of two prioniodontid species (Conodonta) from the Early Ordovician Honghuayuan Formation of Guizhou, South China. Records of the Australian Museum 57, 303–320.
Zhen, Y.Y., Percival, I.G. & Liu, J.B. 2006a. Early Ordovician Triangulodus (Conodonta) from the Honghuayuan Formation of Guizhou, South China. Alcheringa 30, 191–212.
Zhen, Y.Y., Percival, I.G. & Liu, J.B. 2006b. Rhipidognathid conodonts from the Early Ordovician Honghuayuan Formation of Guizhou, South China. Palaeoworld 15, 194–210.
Zhen, Y.Y., Percival, I.G. & Webby, B.D. 2003. Early Ordovician conodonts from far western New South Wales, Australia. Records of the Australian Museum 55, 169–220.
Zhen, Y.Y., Percival, I.G. & Zhang, Y.D. 2009. Conodont fauna and biostratigraphy of the Honghuayuan Formation (Early Ordovician) of Guizhou, South China. Alcheringa 33, 257–295.